About site: Arts/Theater and Drama - Children's Theatre History and Background

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Title: Arts/Theater and Drama - Children's Theatre History and Background A short history of children's theatre in the United States.

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Children's Theatre History and Background

A bit of History

In the United States, Children's Theatre's history is relatively brief. Itbegan to grow as a respectable branch of theatre in the early 1900's. However, in other countries such as China and Russia, Theatre For YoungAudiences (or TYA) has been tremendously respected and an integral part ofperforming arts for those countries, among others. In countries such asthese, only the best actors and actresses would be allowed toact for children. I assume that this is due primarily to the respect thatthese countries hold for the minds and intellects of children. Andregardless, the fact remains that all performers for children know that they(the children) will be perfectly candid and frank with regard to theirresponses to a particular performance. Therefore, only the most honest,most genuine, and truthful, and best performances will satisfy and bebeneficial to an audience of children. With that in mind, let me start withsome of the major influences upon the field of TYA throughout the 20thcentury... Charlotte ChorpenningCharlotte Chorpenning made tremendous contributions to Children's Theatre. Shortly after her husband died, she decided that she wanted to write playsfor children. She was 60 then. She began working as the artistic directorfor the Goodman Theatre in Chicago where she stayed for 21 years. All thewhile was writing plays. In the time from when she began writing, until theday she died with a play in the works in her typewriter (literally), shemanaged to double the mid-century repertoire for children's plays byherself.

She typically adapted well known titles such as Little Red RidingHood, or The Emperor's New Clothes to name a couple. This wasprimarily based on the premise that children would desire to go see playsthat they recognize the titles of. This was the trend in TYA for quite some time, but hasmore recently veered away from that concept, and many more original worksare being written. But Chorpenning saw a Universal quality in fairy talesand tended to adapt quite a few of them. In fairy tales she saw thearchetypal issues of growing up, and if children could identify with acharacter, or characters, in a play, then they would have more interest inthe play. This concept is quite true and followed even today. There is even a children's literary award given to playwrights called the Charlotte B. Chorpenning Award

Winifred Ward

Dates and Accomplishments in the Life of WinifredWard

1884: Born in Eldora, Iowa, daughter of a prominentlawyer.1918: Began her 32 years as a Speech professor at NorthwesternUniversity. It was during her work here that she is credited with beingthe founder of Creative Drama. She was the first to offer courses in thediscipline at the university level, and she taught a generation of teachers.1924: Introduced creative drama into the curriculum of EvanstonPublic Schools and supervised it until her retirement.1925: Co-founded the Children's Theatre of Evanston. The theatreserved as a national model of university and community cooperation, ascollege students joined with children in the casts of productions.1944: Founded the first national child drama organization whichis still thriving and is now called the American Alliance for Theatre andEducation (AATE).1967: Designated a Fellow of the AATE, the organization's highesthonor.1970: Received her 3rd honorary doctorate, this one from EasternMichigan University.1975: Died in Evanston, IL1975-76: Memorial Committe and scholarship program established.1978: First WINIFRED WARD SCHOLAR recognized.1995-96: 20th Anniversary of the WINIFRED WARD MEMORIAL.

Aurand Harris

A Man of StyleAurand Harris is a man who has written a tremendousbody of contrasting plays for young audiences. He continually explored newand different styles, including a vaudevillian show (The Tobey Show),a melodrama story (Rags to Riches), or even what he called his "deathshow," The Arkansas Bear, which tells the story of a young girlcoping with the loss of a family member. Of course, he tells it with theperfect amount of humor, sensitivity, and emotion for s to cry at, andchildren to learn from. He sometimes adapted traditional stories such asPocohantas or well known stories such as or The Magician'sNephew, and often created original works such as Monkey Magic,Pinballs, or his most recent and final play, The Orphan Train. Aurand Harris's accomplishments are many. In the 70's, he received an awardthat was established in Charlotte Chorpening's name after she passed away. It was established as an award to recognize playwright's who have written abody of plays that lift up the field of children's theatre. Surprisingly,though, he did not just win this award once, because later, in the 80's, he wasgiven the award again! He is the only playwright to win theCharlotte Chorpening award twice. But truly, he is well deserving of theaward both times.In the 80's, Aurand went into China on the heels of Arthur Miller's Deathof a Salesman production, (the first ever American playwright to directa play in China). At the request of the Shanghai Children's Art Theatre (theoldest children's theatre in China -- a mere 40 years old at the time), andthe funding of The Children's Theatre Foundation of America, Aurand directedthe first ever production of an American children's play in China. Theplay, Rags to Riches, was translated into Chinese and performed by Chineseactors. Of course, the Chinese government did require some "changes" inthe script to accomodate for the political and economic differences betweenthe two countries, but nonetheless, Aurand would become not only a bringerof joy to American children, but now, to children around the world. The Children's Theatre World lost a great friend, playwright, and humanbeing in the Spring of 1996, when Aurand Harris passed away at the age of82. His plays though will live on forever as he is the most producedchildren's playwright in the United States..

Suzan Zeder

A new styleSuzan Zeder has begun a new wave of children's theatre. Most personsreading her plays for the first time ask the question, "Is this reallychildren's theatre?" Well, the answer is, yes. She has taken reallife issues that children face and made them into compelling stories thathelp a child to understand difficult issues. For example, her playDoors tells an extremely realistic story of divorce, from thechild's perspective. She deals with the pain involved with hearing parentsarguing in the room next door, and the pain of separation. She does allthis in a non-preachy manner that is simply a story of what a child goesthrough. This is only one example. In another play, Step on a Crack she approaches the subject of coping with a step-mother, while avoiding completely the evilstep-mother convention. All of her plays are realistic stories aboutchildren. She herself has said that she writes about children, as opposedto for children. Suzan Zeder also has many plays that aren't as heavy as Doors orStep on a Crack, but all of her plays are equally honest andcompelling. She has adapted Ozma of Oz and has written many originaltitles such as Wiley and the Hairy Man and Mother Hicks . Allof her plays add to a new awareness that children's abilities to comprehendserious material have been, for a very long time, underestimated. Herplays give credit to children for being extremely intuitive and intelligent,particularly when it comes to recognizing truth on a stage. (C)opyright 1996 MEC & JWQSVV

A	short	history	of
children's	theatre	in	the	United
States.

http://faculty-web.at.northwestern.edu/theater/tya/history.html

Children's Theatre History and Background 2008 December

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A short history of children's theatre in the United States.

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